Thursday, 21 April 2016

Repunits and Smith Numbers

Today's number 24490 is a member of OEIS A104167: numbers n which when multiplied by any repunit prime Rp give a Smith number. The first few such numbers are:

1540, 1720, 2170, 2440, 5590, 6040, 7930, 8344, 8470, 8920, 23590, 24490, 25228, 29080, 31528, 31780, 33544, 34390, 35380, 39970, 40870, 42490, 42598, 43480, 44380, 45955, 46270, 46810, 46990, 47908, 48790, 49960, 51490, 51625, 52345, 52570, 53290, 57070

The OEIS gives an example for 1720:

1720 is a number in the sequence because 1720*Rp is always a Smith number, where Rp is a Repunit prime. Let Rp=11, so 1720*11=18920 which is a Smith number as sum of digits of 18920 is 1+8+9+2+0=20 and sum of digits of prime factors of 18920 (i.e., 2*2*2*5*11*43) is also 20 (i.e., 2+2+2+5+1+1+4+3).

A repunit is defined by Wikipedia as a number like 11, 111, or 1111 that contains only the digit 1 — a more specific type of repdigit. The term stands for repeated unit and was coined in 1966 by Albert H. Beiler in his book "Recreations in the Theory of Numbers". A repunit prime is a repunit that is also a prime number.

A Smith number is defined by Wikipedia as a composite number for which, in a given base (in base 10 by default), the sum of its digits is equal to the sum of the digits in its prime factorization. For example, 378 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 7 is a Smith number since 3 + 7 + 8 = 2 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 7. In this definition the factors are treated as digits: for example, 22 factors to 2 × 11 and yields three digits: 2, 1, 1. Therefore 22 is a Smith number because 2 + 2 = 2 + 1 + 1.

The first few Smith numbers are:

4, 22, 27, 58, 85, 94, 121, 166, 202, 265, 274, 319, 346, 355, 378, 382, 391, 438, 454, 483, 517,526, 535, 562, 576, 588, 627, 634, 636, 645, 648, 654, 663, 666, 690, 706, 728, 729, 762, 778, 825, 852, 861, 895, 913, 915, 922, 958, 985, 1086 … (sequence A006753 in OEIS)

Smith numbers were named by Albert Wilansky of Lehigh University. He noticed the property in the phone number (493-7775) of his brother-in-law Harold Smith:

4937775 = 3 × 5 × 5 × 65837, while 4 + 9 + 3 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 5 = 3 + 5 + 5 + 6 + 5 + 8 + 3 + 7 = 42.

In the case of 24490 and the repunit prime 11, the product is 269390 and the factorisation is 2×5×11×31×79. The sum of the digits of 269390 is 29 while the sum of the digits of its prime factorisation is 29 also.

No comments:

Post a Comment