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Friday, 20 September 2024

Some Mathematical Induction

Here is a problem similar to one was posed in a YouTube video that I watched recently:

Prove that an−bn is divisible by a−b for all positive integer values of n with a and b both positive integers and a>b.

We can do this using mathematical induction as follows:

It's clearly true when n=1 and so let's assume it's true for some value of k>1. This means that:ak−bka−b=m

where m is an integer. Can we now show that it's true for k+1. Let's begin:ak+1−bk+1a−b=a.bk−b.bka−ba−b=c where c is some positive integera=b+ca.bk−b.bka−b=(b+c).bk−b.bkc=b.bk+c.bk−b.bkc=c.bkc=bk which is an integer
Since it is true for n=1 and n=k+1 when it is true for n=k then it is true for all n.

In the video that I referred to at the start of this post, a specific instance of the more general situation was looked at, namely:prove that 11n−4n7 is always an integer

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